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Vin Santo (:vin ˈsanto) or Vino Santo (:ˈviːno ˈsanto) ("holy wine") is a style of Italian dessert wine. Traditional in Tuscany, these wines are often made from white grape varieties such as Trebbiano and Malvasia, though Sangiovese may be used to produce a ''rosé'' style known as "Occhio di Pernice" or eye of the partridge. The wines may also be described as straw wines since they are often produced by drying the freshly harvested grapes on straw mats in a warm and well ventilated area of the house. However several producers dry the grapes by hanging on racks indoors. Though technically a dessert wine, the wines can vary in sweetness levels from bone dry (like a Fino Sherry) to extremely sweet. While the style is believed to have originated in Tuscany, examples of Vin Santo can be found throughout Italy and is an authorised style of wine for several ''Denominazione di origine controllata'' (DOCs) and ''Indicazione geografica tipica'' (IGTs).〔J. Robinson (ed) ''"The Oxford Companion to Wine"'' Third Edition pg 752 Oxford University Press 2006 ISBN 0-19-860990-6〕〔P. Domizio and L. Lencioni, ''Vin Santo''. In Ronald S. Jackson, editor: Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, Vol. 63, Burlington: Academic Press, 2011, pp. 41-100. ISBN 978-0-12-384927-4〕 ==Origins of the name== Although the style of making wine from dried grapes has been around almost as long as wine has been made, there are many theories on how the particular name Vin Santo or "holy wine" came to be associated with this style of wine in Italy. The most likely origin was the wine's historic use in religious Mass, where sweet wine was often preferred.〔K. MacNeil ''The Wine Bible'' pg 357, 387-388 Workman Publishing 2001 ISBN 1-56305-434-5〕 One of the earliest references to a ''"vinsanto"'' wine comes from the Renaissance era sales logs of Florentine wine merchants who widely marketed the strong, sweet wine in Rome and elsewhere. Eventually the term ''"vinsanto"'' became almost an umbrella name for this style of wine produced elsewhere in Italy. When the Greek island of Santorini came under rule of the Ottoman Empire, the ruling Turks encouraged the island's wine production of a sweet dessert wine made from dried grapes. Over the next few centuries, this wine became known as Vin Santo and was widely exported to Russia where it became a principal wine in the celebration of Mass for the Russian Orthodox Church.〔H. Johnson ''Vintage: The Story of Wine'' pg 155, 414-422 Simon and Schuster 1989 ISBN 0-671-68702-6〕 Another claim is that when it was ruled by Venice packages taken from the island of Santorini were labelled, “Santo,” to denote their origin. Wine from the island was denoted, “vin” or “vino” to denote the packages contents; thus, the term “Vinsanto” was born.〔 〕 Other, likely apocryphal, stories on the name's origin attributes its naming to the work of a 14th-century friar from the province of Siena who would use the leftover wine from Mass to cure the sick. The miraculous healing became associated with the ''santo'' or "holy" wine and the name "Vin Santo" was allegedly born.〔Chianti Vin Santo ''(Wines of Tuscany ), Chianti.com Accessed: 23 November 2009〕〔G. Harding ''"A Wine Miscellany"'' 108-110, Clarkson Potter Publishing, New York 2005 ISBN 0-307-34635-8〕 Another 14th century story involving John Bessarion, a patriarch of the Greek Eastern Orthodox Church. According to legend at the Ecumenical Council of Florence of 1349 a local Florentine wine called ''Vin Pretto'' (pure wine) was served. After trying the wine, Bessarion is said to have liked the wine and remarked that it was like Xanthos, alluding to the famous straw wine of Thrace, (though some sources said he described the wine as ''Xantho'' or "yellow"). The Florentine locals thought they heard the patriarch describe the wine as ''Santo'' and they accordingly started promoting the wine as a "holy wine". Another theory for the name association often touted is the tradition of starting fermentation around All Saint's Day and bottling the wine during Easter week.〔L. Sonkin ''"(Vin Santo: A Truly Great Dessert Wine from Tuscany, Fit for Saints )"'' Into Wine, Accessed 23 November 2009〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「vin santo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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